Appendix 2. Irregular verbs, high & low vowels

Most dictionaries list irregular verbs alphabetically, so we do not need to repeat that here. We look to speech sound patterns: they make remembering irregular forms much easier. We may begin with just reading a few verbs at a time. The free PDF has the story entire. ■More

Chapter 10. Form relativity galore

If we guess or suppose, Past forms refer to the Present, and Present forms refer to the Future. It is only the anchored Past to remain in the grammatical Past. The matter is similar in many languages: if I was, si j’étais, gdybym był/a, если бы я был/а, wäre ich.
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