Everyday language has phrases as a flow or passage of time, a course, or current of events. We people happen to have such impressions about life and time. Let us imagine a river of time.
For known theories, such a river might also be turbulent on occasions and have some relativity or even loops, but we know it is not always bad.
Nobody has any way to predict exactly what language patterns there may appear in a conversation, message, or letter — like with a river.
All patterns yet can have the words we know from the fields of time. They are marked in green here.
The river shows the grammatical PRESENT, PAST, and FUTURE, with particles as ING and 3RD. Let us compare the fields of time.
In our fields, we may choose to consider the PRESENT first, then the PAST and the FUTURE. We usually refer to our experience and knowledge to think about the future. We are always in our PRESENT.
All this may look a lot to think about at first, and this is why we begin with having a good glimpse. We reckon what forms there are, to learn to use them.
In the fields and the river alike, the verbs to be and to have can make patterns that tell about the PRESENT, PAST, or FUTURE.
The particle ING comes together with the verb to be. Verb 3RD form comes with the verb to have.
The feature “S“ occurs as in our PRESENT field of time, with objects of thought we can speak about with pronouns he, she, or it.
Feel welcome to further journey. If we please, we may have a peek at chapter 4 before we continue from here. We people are individual in our learning.
3.1. Field and River, the Aspect
There is no singular landscape we could always advise to envision grammar.
Chapter 4. Aspect cognitive variables
We people naturally build mind maps for whereabouts. The mind skill can do grammar too.